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The Australian ringneck (''Barnardius zonarius'') is a parrot native to Australia. Except for extreme tropical and highland areas, the species has adapted to all conditions. Traditionally, two species were recognised in the genus ''Barnardius'', the Port Lincoln parrot (''Barnardius zonarius'') and the mallee ringneck (''Barnardius barnardi''), but the two species readily interbred at the contact zone and are now considered one species.〔Christidis, L. & Boles, W.E. (1994). The Taxonomy and Species of Birds of Australia and its Territories. Hawthorn East, Victoria : Royal Ornithologists Union Monograph Vol. 2 112 pp.〕〔Joseph, L. & Wilke, T. 2006. (Molecular resolution of population history, systematics and historical biogeography of the Australian ringneck parrots ''Barnardius'': are we there yet? ) ''Emu'' 106: 49-62〕 Currently, four subspecies are recognised, each with a distinct range. In Western Australia, the ringneck competes for nesting space with the rainbow lorikeet, an introduced species. To protect the ringneck, culls of the lorikeet are sanctioned by authorities in this region. Overall, though, the ringneck is not a threatened species. ==Description== The subspecies of the Australian ringneck differ considerably in colouration.〔 It is a medium size species around 33 cm (11 in) long. The basic colour is green, and all four subspecies have the characteristic yellow ring around the hindneck; wings and tail are a mixture of green and blue. The ''B. z. zonarius'' and ''B. z. semitorquatus'' subspecies have a dull black head; back, rump and wings are brilliant green; throat and breast bluish-green. The difference between these two subspecies is that ''B. z. zonarius'' has a yellow abdomen while ''B. z. semitorquatus'' has a green abdomen; the latter has also a prominent crimson frontal band that the former lacks (the intermediate shown in the box has characteristics of both subspecies).〔 The two other subspecies differ from these subspecies by the bright green crown and nape and blush cheek-patches. The underparts of ''B. z. barnardi'' are turquoise-green with an irregular orange-yellow band across the abdomen; the back and mantle are deep blackish-blue and this subspecies has a prominent red frontal band. The ''B. z. macgillivrayi'' is generally pale green, with no red frontal band, and a wide uniform pale yellow band across the abdomen.〔''Field Guide to the Birds of Australia - A book of identification'' Simpson and Day, (1993) pp.144 ISBN 0-670-90670-0〕 The calls of the mallee ringneck and Cloncurry parrot have been described as "ringing",〔 and the calls of the Port Lincoln ringneck and twenty-eight have been described as "strident".〔 The name of the twenty-eight parrot is an onomatopoeic derived from its distinctive 'twentee-eight' call (or 'vingt-huit', from an early French description).〔(Managing bird damage to fruit and other horticultural crops. Part B: Fact sheets for growers ) NSW Department of Primary Industries. Accessed 6 August 2013.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Australian ringneck」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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